Learn ESP32

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1. Meet the ESP32 — The ESP32 is a tiny, powerful microcontroller with Wi-Fi and Bluetooth built in.
2. Flash two LEDs — Your first circuit: two LEDs that take turns, like the lights at a level crossing.
3. Guard the fridge — Left the fridge open again? A reed switch is a pair of springy contacts in a glass tube that touch when a magnet comes close.
4. Use Wi-Fi — The ESP32 can join your Wi-Fi and serve a tiny web page. Open it on your phone and tap the button: the phone asks for /toggle, and the board switches the LED.
5. Sound a siren — A passive buzzer clicks every time its pin flips; flip it hundreds of times a second and you hear a note.
6. Build a mini piano — Eight of the ESP32’s pins can feel a fingertip. Wire each one to a copper key and the board plays a note with tone() when you touch it — no buttons needed.
7. Fill a ring of LEDs — 3 V, and the ESP32’s 12-bit ADC reads that as 0 to 4095. Here the reading fills a ring of twelve RGB LEDs like a gauge — all of them driven by one data wire.
8. Make a mood lamp — An RGB LED is three LEDs — red, green and blue — in one. Put it inside a frosted ball and the whole ball glows in their mix.
9. Light up in the dark — A light-dependent resistor (LDR) lets more current through the more light falls on it.
10. Distance meter — A pocket tape measure with no tape. The HC-SR04P times an ultrasonic echo, and a little OLED screen on its own stand shows the distance in big digits over a bar that grows as the obstacle moves away.
11. Drive a wheel — A pin can’t power a motor, and a single transistor can only turn it one way.
12. Laser barrier gate — A red laser shines across the road onto a receiver. When a car drives into the beam, the receiver goes dark and the ESP32 swings a servo’s striped boom up.
13. Talk over Bluetooth — No router needed: the ESP32 can pair with your phone directly.
14. Board to board — ESP-NOW lets ESP32 boards message each other directly: no router, no pairing, and a message lands in milliseconds.
15. Smart parking bay — Put it all together. The distance sensor watches a parking bay, a traffic light guides the driver in — green, then yellow, then red to stop — and the bay tells your phone whether it is free or taken, over Wi-Fi.
16. Automatic water pump — A tank that fills itself. A probe in the lid measures the water; at the low mark the ESP32 clicks a relay that runs a mains pump, and at the high mark it stops.
17. Keypad door lock — Type the right code and the safe opens. A keypad is a grid of buttons wired in rows and columns: the ESP32 drives one column at a time and listens on the rows, so seven wires read twelve keys.
18. Sun-tracking solar panel — A solar panel makes the most power when it faces the sun, so this one turns to follow it.
19. Ultrasonic radar — An HC-SR04P tells you how far away something is, but only straight ahead.
20. Pick and place — A stepper motor doesn’t just spin: every pulse turns it exactly one step, 200 to a turn.

Learn ESP32

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APR 24, 2025 14:32:18

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